Common Rail System 0 445 110 363,0 445 110 362,0445110362,0445110363,445110362,445110363

The diesel in the fuel tank is sucked in by the pump, which delivers it to another high-pressure pump. The second pump delivers diesel to the distribution pipe, which is the source of each injector for each cylinder. Diesel is injected into the cylinder at a pressure of 300 to 1600 bar (Toyota engines inject up to 2000 bar, compared to gasoline engines that inject no more than 5 bar). Due to the smaller nozzle, more powdered diesel enters the cylinder (as well as very fine mist), which contributes to spontaneous combustion.
The injection pressure and the possibility of pre injection before the main injection are controlled by the onboard computer to optimize power, consumption, and engine noise based on the engine load and power requirements.
The result of pre injecting diesel before the main diesel in the cylinder is to control the noise level and improve the performance of the engine. Fiat is the company that makes the system more advanced, with its technology called MultiJet, which can send up to 5 previous diesel injections to the cylinder before the main injection, improving control of the mixture and increasing pressure and temperature inside the cylinder.

The fuel pressure inside the common rail is regulated by the electronic control unit by controlling the displacement of the high-pressure pump and the opening and closing time of the fuel injectors. Controlling the displacement of the high-pressure pump can be achieved by controlling the speed of the high-pressure pump, and it can be dynamically adjusted according to the working conditions of the engine. At the same time, the electronic control unit can adjust the fuel injection quantity and injection time by controlling the opening and closing time of the fuel injector, thereby achieving control of the fuel injection pressure.